Lalzuahliana: A Postmodern Reading of His Poem 'Beiseina Thar Se'

Mizo poet zinga danglam leh dangdai Lalzuahliana hla phuahte hi ‘hriat thiam har’ leh ‘mak’ tih a hlawh ṭhin a. C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau pawhin, “Zuahliana hming cherna pakhat chu a kut chhuak ‘a har’ tihah a ni” tiin a lo sawi a (Zolife, 44). L. Keivom khan Lalzuahliana poetry chungchangah, “Kan Mizo category pangngai piah lama ding a ni a, kan tehfunga teh chi pawh a ni lo” (44) tiin a lo sawi tawh bawk. 

'Kan Mizo category’ leh ‘kan tehfung’ chu eng pawh lo ni se, Lalzuahliana poetry chu Mizo nawlpuiin an lo tuipui leh hmelhriat ṭhan ang chi hla a ni lo tih leh, ziarang leh zeizia danglam deuh pua lo inlar chhuak, Mizo poetry huanga hmelthar dang kan hmuhna a ni tih chu a hla lo bihchiang hmasatute thu chhuak hrang hrang aṭangin a chiang a tih theih awm e. 

A hla hian zeizia leh ziarang danglam deuh a neih chhan chu a hla hrang hrangah hian Modernist te hla ziarang tam tak hmuh tur a awm vang a ni a tih theih a, hetih lai hian a hla ṭhenkhat bihchian chuan postmodern ziarang pawh hmuh tur a awm ṭhin. 

Hei vang hian hian a hlate hi Modern emaw Postmodern anga kan puh pawhin a dik theih ve vena lai a awm a, a ziarang inzarzawm a, a inphanchial dan hi a hla ṭhenkhata ‘thim leh êng’, ‘nunna leh thihna’ te awmze letling neia inzawm chiala a lo lan ang deuh hian a ziarang hi hmuh kawp theihin a awm ṭhin. 

Lalzuahliana hla zingah ‘Beiseina Thar Se’ tih pawh hian Postmodern zia a kai niin a lang a, fragmented forms-free verse, new sentence leh open-ending bakah ambiguity a neihte lam thlûk vak lovin, Postmodern thurin a ken khehhawn tum zawk chungin he poem hi Postmodern thlirna tarmit vuahin hetiang hian lo bih chiang dawn teh ang: 

Khawvel tla darh (fragmented world)

“I suangtuahna khawvel chhu darhin,

I duhthusamte’n an bosan ta che a;

I ngaihtuahnate a thlawn zovin, 

I mumangte an ral zo ta...”

He poem-a ‘I’ tia a tinzawn mihring hi tupawh ni se la, he hla bul ṭanna aṭanga kan thil hmuh chu, tu emaw mi pakhat, khawvel kalphung nia a hriat mila midang ang bawka suangtuahna leh duhthusam nei mi a awm a,  mahse a suangtuahna a thamral tawh a, a duhthusam zawng zawng pawh a bovin, thlirna thara khawvel a han thlir chuan, awmze awm lo hringnun chu hmu thiamin khawvel tla darh tawhah a chêng a ni. Engvangin nge chu chu a thlen hriat a ni lova, engin nge thlen tarlan a ni hek lo.

 Amaherawhchu, thil lo lang chiang tak pakhat chu, mihring hian thil kan suangtuaha, kan ngaihtuah ṭhin chhan leh kan mangphan chhan chu, thil eng emawah beiseina kan la neih vang te, kan nun leh khawvela thil awm te'n hlutna leh awmzia an la neih vang leh chung thil te chuan dam chhan leh nun awmzia min la pek vang a ni ṭhin a,  mahse heng zawng zawng hian awmzia an neih loh hun hun chu kan khawvel a tlak darh hun a ni ṭhin. 

Kan dam chhan leh nun innghahnate hi a inang lo zung a; a ṭhenin sum leh pai, an hna, an fate, an ngaihzawng, larna, nihna, sakhua emaw Pathian te a ni ṭhin a. Heng hian kan nun kaihruaiin nun awmzia engtin emaw min pe ṭheuh a, dam zel duhna min neih tirin, mi dang hmuhah ‘tu emaw’ min nihtir ṭhin. Mahse heng kan nun inngaihna, kan suangtuahna, ngaihtuahna leh mumang thlenga thununtu kan dam chhan leh innghahna hi a phet a, awmzia a awm loh hun a awm ṭhin. 

Kan neih thil a kang ral a, kan hmangaihte'n min kalsanin min thihsan a, hriatna leh finna a lo punin sakhuana leh a kaihhnawih thil ṭhenkhat a âtthlak hun a thleng a, têt tê aṭanga Pathian kan lo hriat dan chuan awmzia a nei lovin, Awma chuan min ngawihsan vung vung nge , awm lo aw kan lo ngaithla vung vung zawk tia zawhna zawh hun a lo thleng ṭhin. 

He poem-a tu emaw lo lang pawh hian, hringnunin a hranpaa awmzia a neih lohna leh dam chhan a awm lohna (existence precedes essence) chu a hmu chiang a, mahse chu thil midang hrilh fiah tum chu thil hlauhawm leh âtthlak a tling a, a tuar phah rêng bawk.  

A mihringpui dangte chuan an pian tirh atâ dam chhan nei tlat anga an inzirtirna (grand narratives) te chuan an nun a la thunun miau avangin mi nawlpui thlir dân leh ngaih dân ang ni lo a ‘chanchin ṭha dang’ lo puan chhuah chu vau leh vuak tuarna a ni a, mualphona leh thihna hial hmachhawnna tham a ni: 

“Vei lam i hawi a, an lo ngur che a, 

Ding lam i sawn a, an lo vua che a, 

I hnung lamah lungngaihna a awm a, 

I hmaah mualphona leh thihna. ”

Awmze awm lohna avanga lungngaihna 

(despair in meaninglessness)

“Hmânah chuan kan nui ṭhin a, 

Hmânah chuan kan hlim ṭhin a, 

Awm tawh aṭanga awm tur dâwn a, 

Thlirin zâi hla nen kan hmuak a, 

Nghahna ke tam kan neihte kha, 

A mal mala balin, 

Tunah a thlawn zo ta, 

Chet leh sawi a fuh thei lo.”

Thlir dan pakhat inṭawma khawvel an thlir lai chuan lungmuang leh hlimin a mihringpuite nen an awmho thei a, khawvela thil lo awm tawh sa te chuan nakina thil lo la awm thei tur te chu a hril vekin an ring a. Chunga Pathian chuan an nun ṭheuh atan thil a lo ruahman fel diam tawh nia ngaiin personal fate ring chungin hma lama thil ṭha beiseina sang tak nen an nun an hmang ṭhin. 

Mahse tunah chuan an thlirna piah lamah hringnun chu a nihna ang angin a han thlir a, tawrhna a khat hringnunah chuan remruatna fel tak (divine plan) a hmu lo va, khawvel thil leh rinnaa mihring lo innghahna ṭhin zawng zawng hi Thuhriltu (Solomona) ang maiin engmah lo mai a lo nihzia a hmu bawk a, innghahna tlak pakhat mah a hriat tawh loh avangin mi dang hmuh thiam ve loh awmze awm lo khawvelah chuan awmze awm lohna (absurdity) chu a vahvaihpuiin a lungngaihpui a, beisei tur a awm tawh lova, chu khawvel buai tak (chaotic world) ah chuan chet leh sawi a fuh thei tawh lo a, a thlirna chu midangin an hre thiam hek lo.

He dinhmun chungchang hi German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche khan a lo sawi  tawh a, “Chu khuarkhurum thûk tak (abyss) chu i en a nih chuan, chu khuarkhurum thûk tak (abyss) pawh chuan a lo en ve reng che a ni tih i hmu ang” (Beyond Good and Evil, IV) tiin. 

A awmzia chu, khuarkhurum chuan nun awmze awm lohna a entir a, khuarkhurum chu a thûkin a thim a, a ṭihbaiawm bawk ṭhin ang chiah hian, he awmze awm lohna khawvel hi ngun taka a nihna ang anga kan thlir a nih chuan a thimna, a thûkna (tlan chhuahna awm lo a nihna), a ṭihbaiawmna leh a beidawnthlakna te chu chiang taka hmuh theih a ni ṭhin a, khawvel hian a hranpaa awmzia a neih lohzia kan hriat rual rual hian kan nun pawh hian awmzia a neih lohzia kan hmuh tel ṭhin thu a sawina a ni. 

He dinhmuna dingte chuan thil awmzia dik tak an hmuh thiam rual rualin, an finna leh mitvarna chuan man a nei a, chu chu nun leh engkimin awmzia a neih tâk loh avanga lungngaihna a ni. 

Modernist poet leh writer te'n hun hmasa lama rinna leh ngaih dan hnawl chunga khawvel hmasa an sûn (lament) tlat chhan pawh kha, chûng rinna leh ngaih dân te chu loh theih loha pheh tluk a ni a, mahse chung rinna te leh ngaih dân te a bo a, hnawl a nih tâk si-ah chuan mihring chuan innghahna mumal a nei tawh lovin, indona avanga hmun chhia leh chul rup (ruin places) ang maiin khawvel chu a chulin a chhe ta vek a, innghahna tur a awm lova, hmabak beiseina a awm rih hek lo, chu dinhmun lungngaih thlak tak avang chuan Modernist te thu leh hlaah khawvel hmasa sûnna a lo ri tel leh ṭhin. He poem a lungngaihna lo lang hi Modernist te lungngaihna nen khan chhul khat kual an ni. 

“Mihring i dâwn a, i ṭap a, 

Rosum i nei a, i lungngai a; 

Hma lama hruaitu êng a chuai ta. 

Nunna chu nihnain a hum hram hram a, 

Hlimna chu hliamtu a nih loh nan. 

Tichuan i auva, nunna petu, 

A thilpêk la let turin. 

Mahse, arsi êng ang maiin a reh vung vung a.”

“Tawp chin nei lo thil pahnih a awm a, chung chu kan Universe leh mihring mawlna hi a ni” tia Albert Einstein-an a lo sawi angin, hmakhawsang atâ tawh khawvela tawrhna, chhiatna leh indona tam tak hi mihring âtna leh mawlna, a chapona leh a hmasialna avanga lo thleng a ni châwk a, a finna a sân poh leh a hlauhawmna a zual thin.

 Zirsangzela’n khuai, tho leh fanghmir te’n par zu an dâwn za a thlir lai a, “hringnun hi ka ṭahpui thin” tia a lo chham chhuahna dinhmun leh Zuahliana’n “Mihring i dâwn a, i ṭap a” tia a lo sawina ki hi lungngaihna thuhmun, mihringa rinna nghah ngam a nih lohzia tarlan a ni a. Chutiang bawkin  mihringin a hmachhuan ber ṭhin sum leh pai pawh hi dam chhan tluantling a nih lohzia tarlanna a ni.

Mihringin dam chhan a hmuh loh emaw a neih tawh loh ve leh hian beidawnnain a zui ngei ngei a, ‘hma lama hruaitu êng’ (Pathian emaw beiseina) chu a tân a thi tawh a; dam chhan a neih loh miau chuan tawrhna awmze nei lo tuar ringawt tura dam reng thu awm hek suh, mihring tih theih tha ber chu mahni intihhlum a ni mai thin.

 Amaherawhchu, kohhran leh khawtlanga kan nihnate chuan kan nunna a la hum hram hram chauh zawk a, hlimna nia kan hriat thil te’n awmze awm lohnaah min hnuk lut a ni tih kan pawm ngam ṭhin si loh avangin. Nunna petu a auhna pawh hi nunna petu a awm tak tak a rin vang ai mah chuan, a nunin awmzia a neih tawh lohzia au chhuahpuina zawk a ni.

Danglamna leh Khawharna (Alienation)

“Mihring lam kal i thlir a,

A hniam i hmu a, a sang i hmu a,

I anpui hmuh a har hle si.

Duhnate'n duhlohna a hring a,

Hmuh fiahnain mit a tidel a,

Hriatchiannain a ti â zo ta a che...”

Hringnun awmzia chhui a, khawvel nihphung dik tak hre tura huaisen taka thlirna thara thlir ṭhin mite chu midang tân chuan mi danglam an ni a, Nietzsche-a Zarathustra emaw a Madman ang mai khan mi â nih an hlawh mai thin. 

Thutak (truth) zawnga finna tlânga an lâwn lai hian, mihringin duh taka hun rei tak a lo pawm tawh sakhua leh a serh leh sang te, puithuna thil te, sum leh pai leh an nun leh ngaihtuahna thununtu thil (grand narratives) hrang hrangte chu an hnawlin, finna an duhna chuan thil tam tak a duhloh tir thin. 

Hringnun nihphung dik tak hmuh fiahna chuan âtna khawvel an maimitchhinsan tawh a, thil nihphung an hriatchianna chu midang tân chuan thil atthlâk a chang bawk thin.

“Nangmah ngaiin nangmah,

Ṭapin i au ta vak vak a;

Hmuhsitna leh endawngna bak 

Dawn tur reng i nei lo ve”

Khawvel leh hringnunin awmzia a neih lohna hmu chiangtute chu, awmze awm lohna chuan midang lak atâ la hrangin beidawnna leh khawharna (despair & alienation) pe mah sela, tun hmaa mihring lo phuar tlattu thil tam tak atâ a zalên ta thung a, mahse he zalênna hi mi tam tak chuan an hre thiam ngai lova, an mit aṭang chuan helna (rebellion) a ni ta ṭhin a ni. French philosopher Albert Camus pawhin, “the only way to deal with an unfree world is to become so absolutely free that your very existence is an act of rebellion”  tiin a lo sawi a. 

Camus-a te (Existentialist) ngaih dan leh kan poem thlir lai te’n thil pakhat an lantir chu, postmodernist te’n an Nihilistic worldview-a Romanticism kai harh leh an tumna hi a ni. Hei vang hian Postmodernist-te hi Romantic Nihilist an ni a tih theih awm e. Engkimin hlutna leh awmzia an neih loh rinna (nihilism) chuan mihring chu zalenna ṭihbaiawm a pe a, neih engmah nei lo leh nihna pawh nei lovin a siam a, mahse Romantics rilru pûin chu zalennaah chuan mihring thar leh nihna thar siam an tum ta thung a ni. 

Postmodernist ten awmze awm lohna (absurdity) leh engkim a inchawlhpawlh tawhna (hyperreality) avanga mihringa buaina (chaos in self) an sawi ṭhin chu, “Nangmah ngaiin nangmah/ Ṭapin i au ta vak vak a...” tih lai tlar hian a tarlang a tih theih a; Postmodern theorist Linda Hutcheon pawhin postmodernism chuan ontology lam âwnin, mahni inhriat chian tumna leh inkalhna (self-consciousness & self-contradiction) te a awm ṭhin niin a sawi. 

He khawvel tla darh leh awmze awm lohnain a pek zalennaah hian mihring chuan ‘tu emaw’ a lo nih ṭhinna kha a hloh tawh a, chu dinhmunah chuan tunge a nih, eng vangin nge a la dam a, eng thil nge a tih tâk ang tih inzawtin amah leh amah a inzawng ta ṭhin a, existential question a neihte chhân tuma a beihna chu grand narratives-in a la phuar mihringte chuan an hre thiam lova, an lak aṭangin hmuhsitna leh endawngna bâk dawn tur a nei lo.

Tâwpna tâwpin beisena thar se...

“ I finnate a mang zovin,

I hriatnate a bo zo ta, 

I chhiar buin lu a thleng pha lo. 

Tawrhna avangin taksa a chau va, 

Hremna avangin thlarau a kimki ta. 

Engmah lova engmah lo aw i ni a, 

Nuai ralna ngêna ṭapin, 

Tâwpna ngaiin i au leh ṭhin; 

Ṭâwpna, a tâwp nan.”

Carl Jung-a'n, “mihring hian awmze nei lo nun hi nunpui har a ti a ni” (man cannot stand a meaningless life)  tia a lo sawi angin mihring chuan ruat lâwk nun (fate) leh dam chhan a hranpain a nei lo tih a hriat hnu chuan awm ze awm lo tawrhna chu a tuar a, ‘nuai ralna ngêna ṭapin’ thihna chu duhthlan tur ṭha ber angin a lang ta thin.

 He poem-ah hian a tir aṭanga a tawp thleng hian awmze awm lo nun lunngaihthlakna min hmuhtir a, chutih rual chuan he poem thupui (title) hi ‘Beiseina Thar Se’ tih a ni thung. A hla mood  hi a thimin a lungngaihthlak em em lai leh beiseina thu hmuh tur awm miah si loh laia a thupuia beiseina lo thar tura duhna a awm chhan hi, postmodern writings-a khawvel nihphung tarlan nana paradoxical leh ambiguity te an siam (luih) ang chi kha a ni e a tih theih rualin, dam chhan zawnna emaw insiam tumna (existential solution) lam a ni thei thung. 

Albert Camus-a vêkin, “nunin awmzia a neih lohzia hriat chhuahna hi a tâwpna a ni thei lo ang. Hei hi a bul inṭanna chauh a ni zawk. He thil hi mi ropui tak tak te khan hriain bul ṭan ṭhat lehna atan an lo hmang tawh ṭhin” (The realization that life is absurd cannot be an end, but only a beginning. This is a truth nearly all great minds have taken as their starting point)  tiin a lo sawi a. 

He poem pawh hian awmze awm lohna (absurdity) chuan mihring chu zalenna a pek chu hmuin, thil engkimin awmzia a neih lohnaah indawm kuna lungngai mai lovin, chu awmze awm lohna chu pawmin dam chhan leh nun awmzia ṭha zawk mahni insiam thara, mihring ṭha zawk leh chak zawk nih theihna chu a tâwpa min hmuhtir a tum chu a ni. 

He awmze awm lohna pawmna hi Modernist leh Postmodernist te thil khel ber pakhat a ni a, a chhan chu he thil pawm thiamna aṭang chauh hian chakna leh ‘beiseina thar’ a awm theih vang a ni. Lalzuahliana vêk hian he pawmna pawimawhna hi a hla ‘Pawmna’ tihah chuan hetiang hian a lo tarlang a: 

“Finna a chhawrtlak loh hunah, 

Sakhuaa kan him loh hunah

Thiamna a mualpho hunah

Pawmnain min tichak ang. 

Lei hi hrehawm tura ruat a ni a, 

Tlanchhiat nan vanram kan insiam a

A tak leh tak lo te nen

Ṭap leh khur leh hah pawhin, 

Pawmnain min tichak ang”

He pawmna hi Nietzsche-a'n Eternal Recurrence tia a sawite nen khan thuhmun a nihna lai a awm thei a, he pawmna nei tur leh ‘tâwpna a tâwp’ hnua ‘beiseina a lo thar’ theihna tur hian huaisen a ngai a; nun awmze awm lohna pawm ngama, huaisen taka nun awmzia insiam thar leh thei mi nihna kawng chu thup tak siin min kawhhmuh a, Nietzsche-a Overman emaw, Camus-a Absurd hero ang nih theihna kawng kha min thlirpui pha a ni ti pawhin a sawi theih ang chu. 

He hla ‘Beiseina Thar Se’ tiha beiseina hi beiseina satliah ni lovin ‘beiseina thar’, nun leh engkim bul ṭan leh thei tur khawpa beiseina insiam chawp ngamna a ni zawk a; ruat lâwk dam chhan leh nun awmzia eng emaw tak neia kan hriatna ṭhin kha tih tâwpin a awm a, awmze awm lohna chu hmachhawhin a ken tel lungngaihna pawh kan tuar ang, mahse he tawrhna ngei pawh hi ti tâwp ila, thil engkim leh kan nun siam thar theihna zalenna chu kan kutah a awm a ni tih hriain, mihring ṭha zawk ni thei turin ‘beiseina thar se’ tih chu he poem thûkphùm chu a ni. 

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